We all must know steel. We employ it within your everyday activity. But have you noticed how to produce it? And just what will it decide to try produce it? Basically the steel is made inside a big factory which is cooked in the giant stove called furnace. Along with the cooking itself takes a lot of ingredients inside.
The Blast Furnace and Electric Arc Furnace methods would be the two major methods for producing iron and steel products. Scrap melting may be the major process utilizing Electric Arc Furnaces. Recently, industry competition has grown to be increasingly intense, elevating the necessity for an infinitely more efficient melting process. Capacities in the transformers are receiving larger and electric furnaces are increasing larger worldwide. With this manufacturing environment, graphite materials which may have durability for larger-power operation are essential a lot more for that use as Graphite Electrode (GE).
GE are made from carbon. Carbon is often a nonmetal element by having an atomic number of 6 and the atomic symbol “C”. Carbon is the base of organic chemistry, closely related to organic matter and life activity. Manufacturing excellent graphite electrodes requires quality materials which might be strictly selected.
Graphite features a higher heat transfer rating, potential to deal with higher temperatures, and contains more strength against thermal shock than many other materials. Moreover, it excels in machinability in order to meet the requirements for the broader range of dimensions. Thus, graphite is the optimum material for scrap-melting electrodes.
GE are easily consumed at high temperatures because of the reaction with oxygen to become CO, CO2. The oxidation of electrodes starts at 500oC and accelerates its speed at 800oC (within the furnace). Usage of graphite electrodes by sublimation occurs at 3400o. The velocity of sublimation is proportional on the increase of current density.
Meanwhile, usage of quality GE leads to contributions to saving energy and environmental conservation. Electric arc furnaces, with all the main objective of recycling steel scraps, boost reuse of steel products.
Production organization of graphite electrodes can be divided as 10 stages as follows:
Raw material transporting
Kneading
Extruding
Baking
Pitch Impregnation
Re-Baking
Graphitization
Machining
Inspection
Shipment
The typical sizes for graphite electrodes are from diameter 10″ (inch) to 30″(inch) and from length of 60″(inch) to 110″(inch). The weights are including 123 Kgs (10″ x 60″) to 2060 Kgs (30″ x 110″).
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